An Environmental Study - 2299 Words

You are a general contractor wishing to put up a modest sized cement production plant on the outskirts of town. The plant would operate on only one 10-hour shift per day and would produce about 400 cubic yards of output per day for six days per week. It is necessary for an environmental impact study to be undertaken before the county can issue a permit. The biggest issue is, of course, the air quality implications of cement production, but potential impacts on water quality are of concern as well. It is now October, and you want to start building the plant by the end of next summer, if at all possible. It is now time to issue an RFP to procure an environmental impact analysis. Studies of this type normally require about three months of†¦show more content†¦No spectator seating would be required. The decision to go with one general contractor has already been made. An Environmental Impact Study You are a general contractor wishing to put up a modest sized cement production plant on the outskirts of town. The plant would operate on only one 10-hour shift per day and would produce about 400 cubic yards of output per day for six days per week. It is necessary for an environmental impact study to be undertaken before the county can issue a permit. The biggest issue is, of course, the air quality implications of cement production, but potential impacts on water quality are of concern as well. It is now October, and you want to start building the plant by the end of next summer, if at all possible. It is now time to issue an RFP to procure an environmental impact analysis. Studies of this type normally require about three months of concerted effort by a team of analysts. An Inventory Control System You sell seeds from a catalog, and business has been blossoming. However, your inventory tracking system is inadequate. In high season, supply outages have been frequent, and customer complaints over delays have been increasing. You fear that your business will die on the vine unless something is done to improve things. You want to hire a management consultant to design a new inventory tracking system. This kind of work normallyShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Studies : The Environment1945 Words   |  8 PagesGiorgi Asatiani Instructor s Name English 101 26 April 2015 Essay 3 Environmental Studies The environment means the surrounding and everything that affect the organisms during their lifetime. It can also be said to be the total sum of the water, the air and the land interrelationships amongst themselves and also with the human beings, other living organisms and the properties. The environment includes all the physical and the biological surroundings and also their interactions. By studying theRead MoreEnvironmental Studies Reflection Paper912 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Studies Reflection Paper â€Å"In the past 50 years, humans have consumed more resources than in all of previous history.† We live in a consumer society where individuals across the world purchase, use, and dispose of products throughout their daily lives. Whether this makes their lives easier or not, it is taking an enormous toll on our environment. If people from across the globe united, we could work together to make a change in policies, as well as influence other individuals to createRead MoreQualitative Methods Of Environmental Studies2021 Words   |  9 PagesIn Qualitative Methods in Environmental Studies, we learned a great deal of different methodological approaches to research. We gained a better understanding of what qualitative methods actually is and the important roles researcher and participant play throughout the research process. 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Human resourÃ' e managers must Ã' ontinually monitor the external environmental and adjust human resourÃ' e management strategies aÃ' Ã' ordingly IntroduÃ' tion ToRead MoreStudy of Environmental Issues Associated with Industrialization1450 Words   |  6 PagesStudy of Environmental Issues Associated with Industrialization Although our industrial ways seem to be a very progressive step into the future, there are many flaws to the way many things are today. Things have definitely changed over the past century, as we can currently do things much more efficiently then before. The cost of this efficiency may seem inexpensive in many ways, however we do not realize that the cost of these new technologies do not just include money, time and labour, butRead MoreEthics and Environmental Case Study Essay2944 Words   |  12 PagesEthics and Environment Case Study Project Learning Team C Lynette Barnhart, Russell Cortez, Eric Hiram, Domoniquà © Shaw SCI/362 March 28, 2011 Howard Schmidt, M.S., M.B.A. Ethics and Environment Case Study Project When air pollution is mentioned, many think of the city Los Angeles. However, Beijing China and Mexico City have become well known for air pollution, with Beijing topping the list of worst air quality in the world (Raven, Berg, Hassenzahl. 2010). At the sameRead MoreCase Study : Ua Environmental Analysis862 Words   |  4 PagesUA Environmental Analysis After thorough examination into Under Armour’s (UA) strategies, evidence suggests the company has experienced exponential growth lead by high-profile endorsements and exceptional product quality. Furthermore, after comparing key financial ratios and other metrics to industry standards, UA remains destined not only to be a leader domestically, but internationally as well. However, both external and internal assessments indicate the company’s financials pale in comparisonRead MoreEnvironmental Factors Paper: a Study of Mcdonalds Corporation1443 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental Factors Paper: A Study of McDonalds Corporation Environmental factors have wide-reaching effects across a companys global marketing platform. Many areas, such as economic or social aspects, can be sensitive and must be addressed appropriately for marketing success. McDonalds Corporation is a global company that faces these challenges and issues, some of which will be addressed in this paper. Additionally, the importance of technology and how it impacts McDonalds marketing decisionsRead MoreFeasibility Study on Setting Up an Environmental Laboratory9679 Words   |  39 PagesFEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STOOK ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES COMPANY BY KAYODE, STEPHEN OLUWATOBI 166277 A SEMINAR SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, IBADAN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY AND POLLUTION CONTROL) M.Sc. (ECPC) JANUARY, 2013 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As globalization continues and the earth’s natural processes transform local problems into international issues

Socrates And Machiavelli - 1681 Words

Socrates, in his early works, maintained a steadfast distance from involvement in politics, making a comparison or evaluation of a political system in his persona technically impossible. To claim that Socrates would or would not be supportive of any political system might then seem irresponsible, a presumptuous analysis not fitting for an academic recognizing the false equivalence between Socrates’ philosophy and Machiavelli’s political ethics. The strategy to conduct any sort of liable and valid analysis is not to wholly ignore the â€Å"political† part of the system but to evaluate the ethics behind the systems. The goal of this essay will be to compare and evaluate the Machiavellian ideological government, through the lens of Socratic†¦show more content†¦If humans are always and will always act selfishly, it is possible to deduce a large scale societal response to any given action or context within a certain margin of error. However, the entire theory dissolves if indeed people do not act in this predicted manner, concerned only for themselves. Machiavelli’s â€Å"prince†, a tangible representation of the leader and pow er behind a given political system, is duplicitous, troubled with appearances and survival above all else. Machiavelli argued, through his most notable work The Prince, that is most advantageous for a ruler to maintain appearances of compassion, but act rational and merciless. One of the core principles he repeated several times throughout his book was that although it be best to have both, leaders should value the fear of their subjects over their love. But a ruler had better be careful to not overdo it so as to not create resentment since men cannot be trusted to be loyal through affection: â€Å"[i]n general men are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, dissimulating, hungry for profit and quick to evade danger† (The Prince, 17.4)1. The general populace was much less likely to conspire against those that they feared than those that they 1 Cited as chapter and paragraph loved because affections could, and would, change based on fortune. Machiavelli’s philosophy deemed that theShow MoreRelatedMachiavelli And Socrates1579 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli and Socrates Niccolo Machiavelli and Socrates both lived during turbulent, political times. Machiavelli in Florence, Italy and Socrates in Athens. Machiavelli’s The Prince outlines the necessary features and traits of a sovereign, primarily, a Prince. It served as a handbook to effective rulership in the 16th century. By analyzing Machiavelli’s belief that a prince should be strategically feared, the role of free will , and the role of the people , I will argue that Machiavelli hasRead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates896 Words   |  4 PagesMachiavelli and Socrates are two of the most prominent philosophers of history. Each men are characterized by developing distinct schools of thought regarding individual rights and statehood. Machiavelli’s The Prince is a manual for rulers: lessons based on empirical observations of history. In The Apology written by Plato, Socrates delivers a justification to an Athenian court. It is notRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli1660 Words   |  7 Pagesworks of Socrates and Machiavelli are as polarized as the phrases â€Å"the unexamined life is not worth living† and â€Å"the ends justify the means.† The Prince by Machiavelli and The Last Days of Socrates by Plato are both crucial texts to the discussion of what makes a good political leader. Well, what makes a good political leader? Socrates would disagree with Machiavelli’s ideation of the Prince because of the immorality that he allows this model to have in the public sphere. However, Socrates would findR ead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates1840 Words   |  8 Pagesrespective times, Socrates and Niccolà ³ Machiavelli had very different methods and beliefs of how a political system should be run. The mindset of Socrates can be seen in the works Apology and Crito by Plato. Socrates, who values wisdom and justice over power and prestige, would view Machiavelli’s concept of a Prince very contradicting to how he believes a good life should be lived. In his work, The Prince, Machiavelli details how a prince should rule and maintain power. Socrates would not be supportiveRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli1860 Words   |  8 PagesPolitical Theorists: Moralities and Wisdom Political theorists, Socrates and Machiavelli, each provide their own ideas and philosophies for political structure that are still being discussed today. In Plato’s writings of â€Å"Apology† and â€Å"Crito†, he defines Socrates as man of wisdom and humbleness as he goes through trial and death of a crime he did not commit. Machiavelli’s writing of â€Å"The Prince† was written as a way to advise a Prince on how to achieve the greatest success as a ruler. These twoRead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates1713 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates and Niccolà ² Machiavelli were both political philosophers who lived through corruption, violence, and political restlessness. These circumstances prompted them to develop their own solutions for their respective societies. This included the creation of a stable political system with a strong and effective leader through the examination of the faults of said societies. To Machiavelli, this leader is known as the †Å"Prince.† He believes that the Prince should be pragmatic in his actions, andRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli1961 Words   |  8 PagesWhat would Socrates think of Machiavelli’s political world? Socrates and Machiavelli were some of the most influential political philosophers in their respective times. Some argue that their view of empowering individuals, whether it be through free speech or ruthless fighting, are quite similar. However, their views of leadership and government do not align. Socrates’ support for free expression and due process makes his view of effective governance far different from Machiavelli’s focus on nationalRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli2009 Words   |  9 PagesSocrates and Machiavelli are both very influential philosophers and two of the great minds of their time. However, both of these men had their own separate ideas that did not completely agree with one another. Machiavelli was born into a Renaissance time period of fragmented politics, lots of bloodshed, and angry citizens while Socrates grew up in a time of political adjustment and instability in Athens. Machiavelli constructed The Prince as a political pamphlet to his frie nd Lorenzo de MediciRead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates1976 Words   |  8 Pagesand turmoil, both Socrates and Machiavelli use philosophy to evaluate people and politics. After seeing corruption, fragmentation and death, both philosophers developed different views. Machiavelli’s concept of a Prince includes strong stances on morality and religion. Socrates would be likely to agree on the general ideas that Machiavelli believes a Prince should have but he would differ mainly in how they should be executed. I believe that Socrates would agree with Machiavelli that there needs toRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli Analysis936 Words   |  4 Pages Socrates instilled value in living life as it ought to be and ingrained the pursuit of truth into all of his actions. He relished living as a gadfly to the state; arousing thoughts in others as a means to bring them to higher points of understanding and critical examination, which they then were to apply to their own society. He wanted people to live lives as they ought to live them and for the state to be a reflection of that aim. The leader advocated by Machiavelli, The Prince, is far more authoritarian

Innovation in the Educational Context-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Enumerate whether Creativity and Innovation are mutually exclusive or mutually exhaustive. Answer: Introduction In the present era of globalisation and advancement creativity and innovation has become a widely discussed issue. In this particular assignment the author has conducted an extensive research on creativity and innovation. However, before ushering towards the huge canvas of the conducted research, it is necessary to effectively define the terms creativity and innovation. It is also necessary to identify whether these two are same and whether they are mutually exclusive. Defining Creativity and Innovation in the Educational Context While searching for the definitions of creativity and innovation apart from the context of the classroom notes, the researcher has obtained some interesting results. Author focused on the topics as a means of defining problems,idea generation, eliminating perceived valued, brainstorming, equilateral thinking and creativity(Somech Drach-Zahavy, 2013). However, the text clearly specifies that this is not the definition of creativity and innovation. On the other end of the spectrum, author of the paper Intelligence, creativity and innovation have defined creativity as the procedure of generating useful and novel ideas; the text has not focused effectively over innovation(Squalli Wilson, 2014).Nelsons Organisational Behaviour which is a necessary text book for a core unit for the students of Federation University contains both creativity as well as innovation in its index. As specified in the index creativity is emphasized in pages 142, 153-154 and 155-157 while innovation is explained in the pages 30-33, 142, 188, 248 and finally in 298. In page number 143 the title of creativity is found to be in bold letter, however, here a discussion about creativity in the context of teams as well as individuals is discussed rather than clearly defining it. Finally a definition of creativity can be seen in the page 155 which specifies that creativity is simply a process induced by factors which may be individual as well as organisational an d thereby gives rise to novel and useful ideas, products or both(Nelson Quick, 2016). At this point of research while the researcher was extensively emphasising on the undergraduate to post graduate course materials, it has been observed that there is no connection between creativity and innovation. At the same time no definition of innovation is available as well. As it has been observed in the Fatimahs personal website that creativity and innovation can be incorporated in the education system. As per Fatimah, alongside the other activities creative techniques for learning have been implemented in the classes. The teachers are being trained to become more innovative. The website explains that an innovative teacher or educator will always try to find out new ways through which the process of teaching could be made more effective and efficient(Fatimah's Personal Website, 2017). On an added notion authors have also explained creativity as a cognitive process through which ideas, commodities and concepts can be developed(Benedek, Jauk, Sommer, Arendasy, Neubauer, 2014). In this definition discovery is considered as novel by the creator or may seem to be novel to the target audiences. The text also defines innovation simply as a new idea which is applied for the initiation or improvement of a process, service or product. The main distinctive feature of this text is it links innovation with entrepreneurship and leadership but not with creativity. Creativity is discussed only in the context of decision making activities. Ultimately a connection has been specified by researcher, as nurturing creativity and innovation amongst those who are surrounding an individual is as challenging as improving the persons own creativity(Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). Defining Creativity and Innovation in the Context of Business As specified by researchers creativity is the process of producing novel and creative ideas in any dominion of human activity and it is also identified as the first step towards innovation.They have also shed light over the definition of creativity provided by Gurteens (1998). The discussion of them looks upon creativity as procedure of generating ideas and innovation as the process through which these ideas can be implied into action by shifting and refining them. Recently Warby Parker has depicted the introduction of creativity in corporate culture and thereby it has achieved significant success as well. It has a devoted creative team within the enterprise that looks after the operations within the organisation. At the same time the team also arranges fun events, dinners and several other programmes(Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). On the other hand creativity in a business context has also been defined as a process through which novel ideas can be generated(Somech Drach-Zahavy, 2013). The author also stated that creativity is very crucial for innovation. If creativity is attached with the ideas then innovation will remain attached with the products and services. The value of creativity gets reduced if and only if it is considered without innovation(Yoshida, Sendjaya, Hirst, Cooper, 2014). The creative ideas can be used to feed the pipeline of rigorous innovation and without creative ideas innovation can be considered as an engine without fuel. In a different way it can be stated that though creativity and innovation are two different processes they do rely on each other so as to yield effective results. Applying Creativity and Innovation in Business The 21st century skills have been divided into three broad categories and these are, creative thinking, collaborating and working creatively with the other people and implementation of innovation(Bateson, Bateson, Martin, 2013). However, it is necessary to identify whether this is a new concept or it has existed for a while? So as to answer this particular question effectively a chronological review of the literature where innovation and creativity has been applied in business have been undertaken. In the year 1997, the California Management Review published an article which was written by TeressaAmabile and in this article it was mentioned that, so as to achieve and sustain continuous growth in organisations innovation is crucially important(Amabile, 1997). On the other hand, author published an article and opined that it is mandatory for the organisations to encourage their employees to become more creative and through this the organisation will be able to develop innovative products, procedures and services. The article also emphasised over the fact that the employees are required to be trained in a creative environment and at the same time the organisation should design its culture in a manner that it would support and encourage creativity. This article was published in The Leadership and Organisational Development Journal in the year 1999 and also in Team Performance Management: An International Journal in 2000, the title of the article was Techniques to enhance creative thinking(Roffe, 1999). It has been observed that the Southwest Airlines also promotes a creative and innovative organisational culture. The key technique that the organisation applies is that it communicates the objectives and corporate vision of the company to all the employees and thereby encourages them to provide some additional feedback. This at the same time makes the employees to feel that they are a part of the business strategy making body. Through this strategy the company has achieved brilliant outcomes in its business(Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). In the 2000, there were an article that stated that as with the emergence of globalisation there is a trend of increasing competition in the business environment, organisations are continuously trying to become innovation(Andriopoulos Lowe, 2000). It has been observed in the context of both not-for-profits as well as profit based organisations. The article proceeded towards defining the term creative organisation as a business enterprise which accrues its income through the development of innovative and novel ideas, products, processes and services to mitigate the needs of the clients. Authors of this article also found that so as to obtain the appropriate solution the staff are required to be extensively creative and should be involved in the pursuit of innovation. In the year 2002, Journal of Business Research published an article where they pointed out the fact that creativity can be considered as a resource to the organisation which possesses the potential to provide competitive edge to the organisation. The basic aim of the paper was to critically analyse the roles of teams as well as individuals in generating ideas as a non-separable part of the organisational creativity and innovation procedures(Martins Terblanche, 2003). They also outlined the fact that encouraging the process of creativity at an individual level will give rise to improved creativity at the group or organisational level. In the year 2003, The Leadership Quarterly published an article which emphasised on enhancing the creative activities within the work groups and the increased requirement for involving divergent thinking within the teams which will in turn make the teams more competitive in nature. Although, this paper enlightens the fact that divergent thinking is the speciality of an individual while the speciality of a team is embedded within convergent thinking(Jung, Chow, Wu, 2003). Divergent thinking is a process which is mandatory for solving problems in a creative manner and hence teams are essentially required to get engaged deliberately in the process of divergent thinking. This as a result will make the teams more creative and this is not only good for the bottom line but also is a rewarding experience. There is a paper that states the fact that the culture of an organisation can affect the creativity and innovation within the organisation. The research work of the author also brought out the fact that the organisations can be benefitted by designing and establishing a creative and innovative culture(Roffe, 1999). Therefore the human resources available within the organisation play a major role in facilitating the desired cultural change and thereby designing the initiatives of training. In the year 2010 IBM conducted a survey which covered nearly 33 industries across 60 countries and questioned more than 1500 Chief Executive Officers. The feature of creativity has been identified as the most crucial quality of leadership in the next five years. The creative leadersencourages disruptive innovation, induce others to discard the out dated approaches and undertake balanced risk. This is quintessential for the success of an organisation in the presently prevailing unpredictable and complicated business environment. In other words creativity can be regarded as the raw material for innovation when innovation is implemented in a creative manner; however the companies are not ready to embrace these factors. Although an effective and efficient leader can fetch the rewards of the creativity, innovation and adaptability of an organisation. However, in order to do so the leaders should effectively maintain the necessary frameworks of risk management and strategic alignment. The Harvard Business Review 2012, March edition published five articles based on creativity and innovation. The overall range of the themes of these articles were in an organisation a culture is needed that supports innovation and helps it to flourish in future, success is dependent over the technical innovation and human innovation, focus should always remain on rigorous creation, businesses are always required to support continuous innovation of products, management and processes. In other words, innovation is not only important for the organisations for maintaining their competitiveness but also for the employees who wish to feel satisfied with their jobs(Birdi, 2016). In 2013, the Inside HR printed an article regarding the reinvention of human resource department of Google with new employees as well as new strategies of management. According to researchers, executives started to realiser the fact that continuous innovation cannot take place until or unless the firm makes a shift towards focusing on excellent people management. This can be simplified as innovations originate from people and innovation cannot be maximised until and unless the organisation becomes able to recruit and retain innovative employees. This is not sufficient on an added notion an innovative environment is also necessary(Davies, Jindal-Snape, Digby, Howe, Collier, Hay, 2014). Google is a very famous organisation and is widely popular because of its workplace designing and promotions of collaborating activities. This is solely because it has realised the fact that continuous innovation is the result of three factors acting together, collaboration, discovery and fun. Again the fourth issue of Inside HR in 2013 included an article which was named 6 talent management lessons from Silicon Valley. These factors were considered to be essential for the organisations which were willing to innovate and move faster. The first and foremost factor is the productivity of the innovation supplants which is considered as the key goal of the workforce. It also emphasised over the recruitment procedures as 100 per cent of the innovation comes from the people associated with the organisation.The article also enlightened the fact that most of the firms are now realising why Silicon Valley is widely known for many years and this is because their innovation activities are increasing gradually with collaboration(Bateson, Bateson, Martin, 2013). In this particular year innovation and creativity kept on appearing in the various human resource magazines which are Inside HR and Human Resource Media. Author believed the fact that innovation is the compound effect of three materials, initiative, creation and passion. At the same point of time an organisation is also required where innovation is taking place continuously. As opined by author organisations always want their employees to be more innovative, agile and be able to mitigate problems in a way that nobody has seen before(Wyse Ferrari, 2015). In order to do so the firms must encourage creativity. The author also clarified that creativity is simply a discipline and like all the other talents it can be learnt. The firms should also support the people within it for developing these skills. This has a positive impact over the development of the organisations for the HR practitioners. Link between Education and Business Author stated the fact that young people looks at the world in a very creative way though in the education system creativity is not incorporated in an appropriate way. This is because the education system is so designed that it pursues the young people to go through tough examinations. Afterwards when they finish their education their natural potential of creativity gets suppressed(Davies, Jindal-Snape, Digby, Howe, Collier, Hay, 2014). This specific view is supported by the researchers as they have conducted investigation regarding the implementation of deliberate thinking tools within the classrooms and also in tertiary education. As it has widely been accepted that creativity is quintessential in the modern competitive world it will certainly not be beneficial for an individual to forego the opportunity of developing creativity within the classrooms. Hence it can be stated that though there is not a high association between education and creativity, the authorities should certain ly look after this fact and try to induce the association between these two. Personal Reflection As a student of master degree I have selected creativity and innovation as my elective subject. In this section I will shed light on why this particular topic is important. The answer to this question can be provided in the following manner. I have conducted an extensive literature review while I was writing this report. Numerous journal articles, human resource and business magazines and books helped me to realise the fact that creativity and innovation is mandatory for the success of any organisation in the present competitive environment. In order to achieve success the organisations are required to hire people who are creative in nature and also possess the ability to innovate new ideas. At the same time I have also got acquainted about the fact that creativity and innovation is a skill that can be learned, hence it will also be beneficial to teach the subject in different graduate and undergraduate courses. Moreover, I will also suggest that our education system does not incorporate creativity and innovation within itself. As a result the ability to think creatively gets diminished among the pupils. Hence I would recommend that one should try to accommodate and give way to creativity so that it can enter into the education system. Rather than teaching the students what the right answer will be, they should be given the opportunity to examine all the possible alternatives and then select the appropriate answer on their own. The extensive literature survey that I have conducted for preparing this report, have helped me to a great extent. It has enriched my knowledgebase and I hope it will also assist me in my further career development. Conclusion Creativity and innovation are not just words; they play a crucial role in our daily life. Through a chronological research of the relevant journal articles, it has been proved how important these are for an organisation. Moreover, different definitions of creativity and innovation have also been discussed in the paper. On the other hand, the organisations are encouraged to enhance creativity among its people and try to recruit and retain creative people in it. However, it can be stated that the report has successfully covered the necessary requirements and hopefully it will be a helpful documentation based on creativity and innovation. Works Cited Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California management review, 40(1), 39-58. Andriopoulos, C., Lowe, A. (2000). Enhancing organisational creativity: the process of perpetual challenging. Management Decision, 38(1), 734-742. Bateson, P., Bateson, P. P., Martin, P. .. (2013). Play, playfulness, creativity and innovation. London: Cambridge University Press. Benedek, M., Jauk, E., Sommer, M., Arendasy, M., Neubauer, A. C. (2014). Intelligence, creativity, and cognitive control: The common and differential involvement of executive functions in intelligence and creativity. Intelligence, 46(1), 73-83. Birdi, K. ( 2016). Creativity training. In Human Resource Management, Innovation and Performance. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. Davies, D., Jindal-Snape, D., Digby, R., Howe, A., Collier, C., Hay, P. (2014). The roles and development needs of teachers to promote creativity: A systematic review of literature. Teaching and Teacher Education, 41(1), 34-41. Dawson, P., Andriopoulos, C. (2014). Managing change, creativity and innovation. London: Sage. Fatimah's Personal Website. (2017). languageacademy.utm. Retrieved August 21, 2017, from Creativity and Innovation in Teaching and Learning Supervision and Assessment: https://languageacademy.utm.my/fatima/innovation-and-creativity-in-teaching-and-learning-approach/ Jung, D. I., Chow, C., Wu, A. (2003). The role of transformational leadership in enhancing organizational innovation: Hypotheses and some preliminary findings. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(4), 525-544. Martins, E. C., Terblanche, F. (2003). Building organisational culture that stimulates creativity and innovation. European journal of innovation management, 6(1), 64-74. Nelson, D. L., Quick, J. C. (2016). Orgb. London: Nelson Education. Roffe, I. (1999). Innovation and creativity in organisations: a review of the implications for training and development. Journal of European industrial training, 23(4/5), 224-241. Somech, A., Drach-Zahavy, A. (2013). Translating team creativity to innovation implementation: The role of team composition and climate for innovation. Journal of Management, 39(3), 684-708. Somech, A., Drach-Zahavy, A. (2013). Translating team creativity to innovation implementation: The role of team composition and climate for innovation. Journal of Management, 39(3), 684-708. Squalli, J., Wilson, K. (2014). Intelligence, creativity, and innovation. Intelligence, 46(1), 250-257. Stone, M., Woodcock, N. (2014). Interactive, direct and digital marketing: A future that depends on better use of business intelligence. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 8(1), 4-17. Wyse, D., Ferrari, A. (2015). Creativity and education: Comparing the national curricula of the states of the European Union and the United Kingdom. British Educational Research Journal, 41 (1), 30-47. Yoshida, D. T., Sendjaya, S., Hirst, G., Cooper, B. (2014). Does servant leadership foster creativity and innovation? A multi-level mediation study of identification and prototypicality. Journal of Business Research, 67(7), 1395-1404.

Strengthening & Improvement of Peshawar-Torkham Road

Question: Describe about the Strengthening Improvement of Peshawar-Torkham Road. Answer: 1. Implementation schedule based on work The project plan is based on strengthening and improvement of Peshawar-Torkham Road. The road lies in the Khyber Agency, FATA. The goal of this construction project is to build a road, which is a form of trade communication network. The road connects the Karachi Port-Pakistan to Afghanistan through Peshawar and Torkham. This construction project is a part of FATA sustainable plan of 2006-2015. The following is the project schedule for this construction project so that the management team comes to know the total time taken to construct the road: Contractor mobilization: The start date for contractor mobilization is 1st October 2012, and the total estimated duration of this particular task is 30 days. Therefore, the finish date is 31st October 2012. Earthwork: The total duration required for earth work is 540 days, and the start and finish date is November 2012 to 30th April 2014. Base work: This work started in Dec 2012, and it continues up to 30th June 2014 with duration of 570 days. Surface course and pavement: Total time taken for the surface course and payment is 540 days, from April 2013 to 30th Sep, 2014. Structure R/B walls and culverts: It schedules from Dec 2012 to 31st July 2014 with total estimated time of 600 days. Drainage and erosion work: The start date for drainage and erosion works is December 2012, and the total duration of this particular task is 630 days. Therefore, the finish date is 30th Aug 2014. Ancillary works: Total time taken for the surface course and payment is 420 days, from July 2013 to 10th Sep, 2014. Diversion: The total duration required for earthwork is 690 days, and the start and finish date is November 2012 to 30th Sep, 2014. The project starts from October 2015, and it is commenced till 30th September 2014. Apart from this eight work activities, there are also other work activities for this construction project, which takes the total duration of 330 days. The start time is Nov 2013, and the finish date is 30th Sep, 2014. From the above-identified implementation schedule based on the construction project work, diversion takes more time as compared to other works. It has a total estimated duration of 690 days. 2. Challenges faced in the construction work Security threat: In the construction site, there are threats to the life of the workers those are working on the road construction project. If any accidents, as well as explosions, are occurred at the construction site, then there are no ambulances in the site. Therefore, the victims have not reached the hospital immediately. There is no arrangement of protective clothing of the labors those are working in the hazardous environment such as the requirement of helmets, protective goggles and gloves (Dejus Antucheviciene, 2013). Health and safety of the workers are the major priority of the project management team while processing with the construction work. Procurement of information: The information regarding the design of the road are not procured easily. As it is a construction project work, therefore information and data related to traffic rate on the road should require gathering to identify the hourly-based traffic count. A Proper survey is not done, and another person can get the information and then that information is misused (Xu Song, 2014). Therefore, the design and road construction related information are most vital challenges faced by the project team. Access to that information causes insecurity of data and information in the project work. Traffic problems: While conducting the project of Peshawar Torkham road construction, the project team is not following proper traffic management plan. It challenges the team by creating traffic congestion on the road. It also creates jams as well as a public inconvenience (Tseng Torng, 2014). Proper traffic signboards are not used in the construction site, which causes accidents on the road. There is no announcement to the construction community about the construction movement. It influences the progress of the project plan, estimated time as well as budget. Delay in progress work: Due to bad weather conditions, the construction of the road was not possible. It also delays in time as well as the budget of the project plan. Sometimes, absenteeism of the workers causes a delay in the time and therefore the number of assigned for each activity increases (Srinivasan, 2014). Due to delay in time, the budget also increases based on total days delay. Apart from this, noise and ecological challenges are also faced in the project work causes a restriction in the project plan and its progress. Solutions to the challenges faced in the road construction project Special security arrangement: As the construction of the road lies in the Khyber Agency, FATA, and the road connects the Karachi Port-Pakistan to Afghanistan throughout Peshawar and Torkham. Therefore the project requires increasing their security arrangement. The road construction plan connects two countries. Therefore it allows to give logistics maintenance needed by the law enforcers (Mubarak, 2015). In the border areas of Pakistan as well as Afghanistan, strong security forces are required to control the situation. There should be a collaboration with the armies of Pakistan such that they can provide with required security. Consultation with NESPAK to procure the information: an Initial survey of the construction project work is being done by the NESPAK. They should conduct a 24 hours survey on the traffic count to identify the rate of traffic on the road based on hours. The survey should be done based on selected location, date, day, and type of survey as well as total survey duration. It helps to get accurate information on traffic count (Atlas, 2013). Based on this traffic survey, they should get information as well as data on the traffic congestion on the road so that it helps them to construct the road. Special traffic arrangements: Due to the construction of the Peshawar-Torkham road, the public faces lots of traffic congestion on the road (Harvey, Waterson Dainty, 2015). Therefore, the proper traffic management plan should require in order to control the traffic jams as well as the inconvenience of public throughout the construction of Peshawar Torkham Road. Proper signboards are used in the construction site to avoid any accidents on the road. It gives smooth traffic flow. Important announcements are done to give information on temporary movements of the transport (Garber Hoel, 2014). Due to a construction of the road, some of the routes are locked and therefore the construction project team should arrange for alternative routes. There should be an arrangement of traffic police on the road to control the traffic. Special equipment should also be used such as traffic control system. It is used to integrate the digital sensors to get data on the number of vehicles on the road. I t gives the data as well as information based on the queue on the road as well as delay data. 4. PERT CPM Chart The given PERT CPM chart for this project plan to strengthen as well as improve the construction of a road through Peshawar-Torkham analyzes as well as presents the works, which are involved in completing the construction plan. It shows the critical path of the project plan. This shows the factors, which will influence achievements of the project work with a goal to achieve the objectives of the project such as time and resources (Shaw Sellers, 2015). From the given chart, it shows the minimum time required in order to complete the entire project construction plan. The critical path of the project plan is contractor mobilization as well as diversion. Therefore, the total shortest duration is (690+50) days = 740 days. From this, it is identified that time is used as a variable that can symbolize the considered resources function alongside with performance arrangement (Narayanamoorthy Maheswari, 2016). These two events of the project are called as critical activities while other even ts are the non-critical activities. From the PERT CPM chart, the accurate time is calculated and then the network of the construction project plan is constructed. The earthwork as well as a diversion is dependent on the contractor mobilization. Base course; structure R/B walls and culverts, drainage and erosion works are not started until the mobilization of the contractor are completed. After the completion of those activities, then surface course and payment, ancillary works as well as miscellaneous activities are to be carried out. Using this CPM chart, the tasks are to be carried out according to the dependent of each task on each other. The given PERT CPM chart shows the time, schedule as well as a sequence of each of the activities involved with the implementation and construction plan (Yang Kao, 2012). After analyzing the critical path of the project, it helps the project team to make some differentiation between the achievement as well as a breakdown of the plan (Ahmad, 2014). It is also assessed the challenge as well as problems that are faced while conducting the implementation plan for constructing the Peshawar-Torkham road. After analyzing the critical path of the project, it reduces both times as well as the c ost of the plan so that the project management team can conduct their work within estimated schedule and cost. 5. Recommendations In order to successfully complete the construction project plan, the recommendations which are suggested as follows: Minor design improvement: In the project work, there are some challenges based on the design of culverts. Most of the culverts illustrate distress due to a limitation of maintenance as well as its old age. They are extended previously. For this particular construction plan, the width of the road on the culverts is ranging from 11 to 14 m. those culverts are fallen apart from the road alignment. Therefore some improvements are required in the design of culverts. The height of the culverts is varied based on the site condition. Therefore the project team recommended changing RD (1+ 290 and 5+692) culverts. Due to reconstruction as well as renovation of new culverts, it would reduce the traffic problems on the road. Retrofitting of bridges: The project should require proper retrofit measures to overcome with the damages of the bridges on the road. The damage to the bridges causes risks to the public, as there are chances of breakage of the bridges anytime. Therefore, it should require taking retrofitting of bridges measures. Cost review: The geometry design of most of the bridges on the road is required to be changed so that the cost of the project should change. In order to review the cost of the project plan, the project team should use cost review technique such as cost-benefit analysis to identify if the plan should get benefit or loss regarding cost. If the project should benefit, then it will be successfully constructed. Finally, proper cost estimation, as well as cost planning, is required before doing any changes in the plan. The cost review for this particular project plan should go for 20 percent towards the accuracy of the estimation of cost. Pouring of concrete: Pouring should be done at the nighttime, as it will help to lay it properly as well as there should be avoidance of cracks. An excavator should be hired to help in pouring and preparing the construction site. The project team should size, depth as well as size the project plan to have considered at the time of pouring concrete. Concrete installation should be done to get an understanding of how the pouring should be done. 6. Lessons learnt From the entire construction project plan for strengthening as well as improvement of Peshawar-Torkham Road, some of the lessons are learned as follows: Teamwork: The project team members are doing mentoring, and they are helping each other in conducting the project work. One to one feedback of the team members is taken to identify the problems and issues they face while working in the project. All are working together in order to achieve their project goals. Planning and resourcing: Each of the work activities is distributed to the project team members individually. Therefore, before starting to work on the project, all the works is distributed dependent on the skills and knowledge of the members. It increases the quality of the project plan. Proper scheduling, planning, budgeting as well as resourcing are required to construct the road. Project requirements are done properly. Development of project schedule, work breakdown structure and cost estimation are done accurately. Risk mitigation: In order to mitigate the risks, the project uses project communication plan to interact with each member. The weekly meeting is done to discuss the problems, issues, and progress of the project plan. Risk assessment matrix should require doing in order to identify the consequences and impacts of the risks on the construction project plan. Time management: For each of the project activities, proper estimation of time is required. Therefore, control over the time increases the efficiency as well as productivity of the project plan. If the project team members should able to manage their time and finish each of the activities within the estimated time, then it will help to control the cost as well as time. It maximizes the project benefit by limiting the total project time. Time management is considered as one of the most vital functions of project management. Cost analysis: By adopting the cost of plinth foundation, it will reduce by 35 percent to 50 percent. Therefore, it reduces the cost of construction and makes the structure more effective. In the construction project plan, the cost consists of construction and initial design cost. Cost effective road planning is also required to reduce the cost so that later no new cost increasing items should be added to the schedule plan. References Ahmad, S. H. (2014).Integration of Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), Gantt Chart and Genetic Algortihm(Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia). Atlas, R. I. (2013).21st century security and CPTED: Designing for critical infrastructure protection and crime prevention. CRC Press. Dejus, T., AntucheviÄ ienÄ—, J. (2013). Assessment of health and safety solutions at a construction site.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,19(5), 728-737. Garber, N. J., Hoel, L. A. (2014).Traffic and highway engineering. Cengage Learning. Harvey, E., Waterson, P., Dainty, A. R. (2015). Comparing safety intelligence in air traffic management and construction: A conceptual comparison. Mubarak, S. A. (2015).Construction project scheduling and control. John Wiley Sons. Narayanamoorthy, S., Maheswari, S. (2016). The Intelligence of Octagonal Fuzzy Number to Determine the Fuzzy Critical Path: A New Ranking Method.Scientific Programming,2016. Shaw, E., Sellers, L. (2015). Application of the Critical-Path Method to Evaluate Insider Risks.Laos: Operation MILLPOND, 1961 Foundations of Anglo-American Intelligence Sharing The National Intelligence Council, 20092014 Evaluating Insider RiskThe Critical-Path Method,59(2), 41. Srinivasan, R. (2014). Managing Projects. InStrategic Business Decisions(pp. 279-292). Springer India. Tseng, C. C., Torng, C. C. (2014). An integrating framework for prioritising tasks in designing management system improvement projects.European Journal of Industrial Engineering,8(4), 457-477. Xu, J., Song, X. (2014). Suggestions for Temporary Construction Facilities Layout Problems in Large-Scale Construction Projects.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,140(5), 06014001. Yang, J. B., Kao, C. K. (2012). Critical path effect based delay analysis method for construction projects.International Journal of Project Management,30(3), 385-397.

What is a Flawed Sample Essay?

What is a Flawed Sample Essay?A flawed sample essay is a common phenomenon in college admissions. It happens when a student writes something so different from what the admissions officer is expecting. In fact, that is quite a common occurrence and it is often mistaken for lying to get a job.The main thing to keep in mind is that writing a powerful essay is not necessarily about speaking out your mind. You can do that as well, but writing something original may be your strongest suit. That is why you need to study some important tips of writing an exceptional essay. Here are a few examples of your mistakes to avoid in your sample essay.Poor Vocabulary. As much as possible avoid using the words 'I', 'me'my'. This is because these words are considered to be a handicap in college admissions. When the admissions officer reads your essay he or she will definitely associate the word 'I' with you and therefore you will appear to be lazy.Using Positive Statements. Another mistake that student s often make is making too many positive statements in their essay. They often think that by using positive statements they will instantly improve their chances of getting into a good college. However, these statements only do the opposite and make them appear to be unprofessional.Using a Negative Statement. You are often advised not to use a negative statement in your essay. Although negative statements are bad grammar and punctuation wise, they are actually considered to be the best form of negative statements. Your essay will have more credibility and your essay will stand out in front of the rest of the crowd.Avoiding Making Imperfect Times. You may not realize it but writing a perfect time line is one of the major parts of an essay. Most admissions officers are keen on having you establish a precise time frame so that they can gauge if you can stick to a certain schedule.Some people like to create suspense in their essay and this also helps with the reader's attention. It is qu ite common for an admissions officer to read your essay and ask you about it immediately after reading your essay. This makes your essay stand out above the rest.

Buddhism and Hinduism

Religion is very important in the cultural system of every society. It is said to be a well built faith in a mystical power occurring in the supernatural state. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Buddhism and Hinduism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Every person is supposed to adhere with the beliefs and the customs involved in his or her faith on the spiritual base. There are different types of religions but this discussion focuses on just two: Buddhism and Hinduism. These two religions happened to originate in one region in that they share some terminologies which are alike. Their goals are however different on their practices even though they share a lot on the faith (Eliot 15). The following discussion therefore, is inclusive of the comparisons and contractions between these two religions with their differences during their childhoods and the way they were raised. To start with the two religions shar e many things in their beliefs in that they both believe in rebirth which is determined by the actions one does in the daily life. This is where there is rebirth of the individual’s soul into any life form. They both believe that it is individual’s responsibility to work out on his salvation which is dependent on his good actions (Eliot 9). Basing on enlightenment they both believe that it is possible to attain it through rising above individual’s way of thinking and the desires as well as controlling individual’s six senses. It is a common belief on the pain one achieves through too much attachment to people and the worldly things, both therefore advocate in freeing oneself out of the fantasies of the worldly desires. Meditation is a common emphasis to both faiths which liberates an individual; enhance concentration in life and enlightenment .They also practices the tantric practices (Georg and Peter 731). There are contradictions on their beliefs such that in Buddhism godly figures are not involved in their belief basing on the original doctrinal principles even though there is some introduction of Godly figures by the later believers. On the other hand in Hinduism there are 300,000 Gods which are believed in. Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These two religions are also different on their foundations which are referred as their childhood state. On Hinduism there is no complete certainty of on who started it and where. It is also believed that this religion originated from the Vedas which were written at about 1000 years Before Christ even though they were still on existence for a long period but in oral form. In Buddhism there is complete certainty of who founded it- the Siddartha Gautama who is known as Buddha. At first he did not intend to create any new religion as he had left for the meditation to modify Hi nduism where he became Buddha as his answer thus the foundation of Buddhism (Bhaskar 5). There are complex rituals performed in Hinduism from the day one is born till death where priests play a very significant role when carrying these roles. On the other hand Buddhism practices these rituals in worship forms without involvement of the priest. Hinduism follows the caste system and believes in excessive asceticism but Buddhism does not pursue caste system and rejects the excessive asceticism. In Buddhism there are no stages that one has to go through in life where one is given freedom to join any depending on the preparedness while in Hinduism there are four stages that one must go through in life which follow in this order: student, family, leaving of the worldly wishes and meditation stage awaiting truth and death. Finally, despite all these differences the two religions play important roles on them that practice them in their way of life (Williams 523). Work Cited Bhaskar, V. S. Faith philosophy of Buddhism. New York: Gyan Publishing House, 2009. Eliot, Charles. Hinduism and Buddhism, Vol I. (of 3). New York: Echo Library, 2007. Eliot, Charles. Hinduism and Buddhism, Volume . New York: BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Buddhism and Hinduism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Peter C. Hodgson. Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion: Determinate Religion. New York: University of California Press, 1996. Williams, Monier. Buddhism – In Its Connexion with Brahmanism and Hinduism and in Its Contrast with Christianity. New York: READ BOOKS, 2007. This research paper on Buddhism and Hinduism was written and submitted by user Mila Mcneil to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

stupid people essays

stupid people essays There are far too many idiots reproducing in our society. Stupid people are becoming an epidemic to this world. The act of those people having sex is of no concern or harm to me, but the children that are produced due to this only add to the number in the slack-jawed, drooling populous that is slowly beginning to drain our society. I suggest that the government make an I.Q. test mandatory for couples applying for a marriage license. If the test results are low enough, refuse the licensee until they have both been successfully sterilized. It is a privilege to have children, sometimes, but still not just anyone should be allowed to breed successfully. Yes I realize that not all stupid people that breed are married or keep their babies; therefore, I suggest that babies given up for adoption should be given to people without the ability to have children who are competent parents. Those incompetent parents should not have the chance to regain custody of their children no matter how many classes or how much counseling they These people are growing more numerous as I write this, they will eventually out number their intellectual superiors. Im not saying that all stupid people are a drain on society. Some work and make decent livings, all the time putting money into the economy and paying into social security. The ones I have a problem with are the ones that sit at home living off welfare or disability that isnt rightfully theirs. Those people who are found to be cheating money from the government should be forced into a life of manual labor... hard work. Some may say this is a violation of their first amendment rights. To that I say that rights should be earned, not given. That way people wouldnt take the rights they have in this country for granted. These children bred of stupidity have to go to school. They slow down the c ...